Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Outcome Expectancies: The Roles of Self-Efficacy, Cognitive Reappraisal, and Expressive Suppression

According to the Cognitive Emotional Model of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI), this behavior is governed by a complex interplay of NSSI-related cognitions (i.e., a person's expected outcomes of self-injury and self-efficacy to resist NSSI) and emotion-regulatory strategies (i.e., cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression). To empirically test this proposition, the current study examined the moderating roles of self-efficacy to resist NSSI, cognitive reappraisal, and expressive suppression in the relationships between outcome expectancies and NSSI frequency among university students.

Citation:
Hon K, Boyes ME, Hird K, Hasking P. Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Outcome Expectancies: The Roles of Self-Efficacy, Cognitive Reappraisal, and Expressive Suppression. Archives of Suicide Research. 2025.

Keywords:
NSSI; outcome expectancies, self-efficacy, emotion regulation; self-injury

Abstract:
According to the Cognitive Emotional Model of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI), this behavior is governed by a complex interplay of NSSI-related cognitions (i.e., a person's expected outcomes of self-injury and self-efficacy to resist NSSI) and emotion-regulatory strategies (i.e., cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression). To empirically test this proposition, the current study examined the moderating roles of self-efficacy to resist NSSI, cognitive reappraisal, and expressive suppression in the relationships between outcome expectancies and NSSI frequency among university students.