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Infectious diseases have been shown to disproportionately affect indigenous populations. Tuberculosis (TB) and malaria continue to impose a significant burden on humanity and are among the infectious diseases targeted within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

Research

Dysphagia is an under recognised co-morbidity in patients with laryngomalacia. Its rate is variable reported in the literature. We aim to describe the incidence of dysphagia in laryngomalacia, the effect of interventions on this, and the period it persists in these infants.

Research

There is no consensus about which outcomes should be evaluated in studies of pulmonary exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Outcomes used for evaluation should be meaningful; that is, they should capture how people feel, function or survive and be acknowledged as important to people with CF, or should be reliable surrogates of those outcomes. We aimed to summarise the outcomes and corresponding endpoints which have been reported in studies of pulmonary exacerbations, and to identify those which are most likely to be meaningful.

Research

Children with intellectual disabilities are more likely to experience sleep disorders of insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep breathing disorders than typically developing children. The present study examined risk factors for these sleep disorders in 447 children (aged 5-18 years), diagnosed with an intellectual disability and comorbid autism spectrum disorder, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome or Rett syndrome. Primary caregivers reported on their child's sleep using the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC), as well as medical comorbidities and functional abilities.

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Chest CT identifies children at an early age who have adverse long-term outcomes

Research

De novo S. aureus acquisition at age 3 is associated with later bronchiectasis and FEF25-75 in children with CF

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Protease elastase exocytosis by airway neutrophils occurs in all cystic fibrosis children, and its cellular measure correlates with early lung damage

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Structural changes identified on CT scans in primary ciliary dyskinesia are not identical to those previously described in cystic fibrosis patients

Research

The lung clearance index may be a useful surveillance tool for monitoring the presence and extent of lower airway inflammation and infection

Research

We hypothesized that the presence of these markers of cystic fibrosis lung disease in the first 2 years of life would be associated with reduced lung...