Search
Research
Brain iron concentration in childhood ADHD: A systematic review of neuroimaging studiesIron deficiency may play a role in the pathophysiology of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Due to its preponderant function in monoamine catecholamine and myelin synthesis, brain iron concentration may be of primary interest in the investigation of iron dysregulation in ADHD.
Research
Introducing the Cochrane Nutrition & Physical Activity Thematic GroupImproving nutrition and physical activity is a global health priority. Within Cochrane’s new production model, Thematic Groups (TG) with specialist content and review methods expertise have been established. The purpose of TGs is to support the development and dissemination of high-quality evidence syntheses on priority issues.
Research
Mitochondrial mistranslation modulated by metabolic stress causes cardiovascular disease and reduced lifespanChanges in the rate and fidelity of mitochondrial protein synthesis impact the metabolic and physiological roles of mitochondria. Here we explored how environmental stress in the form of a high-fat diet modulates mitochondrial translation and affects lifespan in mutant mice with error-prone or hyper-accurate mitochondrial ribosomes. Intriguingly, although both mutations are metabolically beneficial in reducing body weight, decreasing circulating insulin and increasing glucose tolerance during a high-fat diet, they manifest divergent (either deleterious or beneficial) outcomes in a tissue-specific manner.
Research
Variation in Neonatal Nutrition Practice and Implications: A Survey of Australia and New Zealand Neonatal UnitsSignificant global variation exists in neonatal nutrition practice, including in assigned milk composition values, donor milk usage, fortification regimens, probiotic choice and in methods used to calculate and report nutrition and growth outcomes, making it difficult to synthesize data to inform evidence-based, standardized nutritional care that has potential to improve neonatal outcomes
Research
Prebiotic Supplementation During Pregnancy Modifies the Gut Microbiota and Increases Metabolites in Amniotic Fluid, Driving a Tolerogenic Environment In UteroThe gut microbiota is influenced by environmental factors such as food. Maternal diet during pregnancy modifies the gut microbiota composition and function, leading to the production of specific compounds that are transferred to the fetus and enhance the ontogeny and maturation of the immune system. Prebiotics are fermented by gut bacteria, leading to the release of short-chain fatty acids that can specifically interact with the immune system, inducing a switch toward tolerogenic populations and therefore conferring health benefits.
Research
Effects of diurnal exercise timing on appetite, energy intake and body composition: A parallel randomized trialTo determine the effect of diurnal exercise timing on appetite, energy intake and body composition in individuals with overweight or obesity.
Research
Probiotic supplementation in neonates with congenital gastrointestinal surgical conditions: a pilot randomised controlled trialTo evaluate whether probiotic supplementation attenuates gut-dysbiosis in neonates with congenital gastrointestinal surgical conditions.
Research
What is known about consumer nutrition environments in Australia? A scoping review of the literatureThis study aimed to summarize the attributes that have been examined in existing peer-reviewed studies of Australian consumer nutrition environments
Research
Modelling the effects of beverage substitution during adolescence on later obesity outcomes in early adulthood: Results from the raine studySugar-sweetened beverage intake during adolescence was associated with higher body mass index, waist circumference, and being overweight in early adulthood
Research
Nutritional Influences on Epigenetic Programming. Asthma, Allergy, and ObesityReliance on increasing use of dietary supplementation and fortification (eg, with folate) to compensate for increased consumption of processed foods is also...