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Seasonal and regional patterns of lower leg cellulitis in Western AustraliaIn the warmer tropical regions of WA no seasonality was observed, but overall incidence of LLC presentations were higher
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The politics of picking: Selective vaccinators and population-level policyPublic health systems face tensions between individuals and the collective. Parents who selectively vaccinate demonstrate this tension
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A cluster-randomised controlled trial comparing school and community-based deworming for soil transmitted helminth control in school-age childrenThe first large-scale trial comparing mass and targeted deworming for soil-transmitted helminth control in South East Asia
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Antibiotic appropriateness and guideline adherence in hospitalized children: results of a nationwide studyInappropriate antimicrobial prescribing in children was linked to specific risk factors, presenting opportunities for targeted interventions to improve prescribing
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Meningococcal B vaccine and meningococcal carriage in adolescents in AustraliaAmong Australian adolescents, the 4CMenB vaccine had no discernible effect on the carriage of disease-causing meningococci, including group B
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Pcv7-and pcv10-vaccinated otitis-prone children in new zealand have similar pneumococcal and haemophilus influenzae densities in their nasopharynx and middle earPCV10 did not reduce NTHi density in the nasopharynx or middle ear, and was associated with increased pneumococcal nasopharyngeal density
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Severe and Complicated Varicella and Associated Genotypes 10 Years After Introduction of a One-Dose Varicella Vaccine ProgramSevere hospitalized varicella still occurs with a 1-dose varicella program, although predominantly in unvaccinated children
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Zika Virus Changes Methylation of Genes Involved in Immune Response and Neural Development in Brazilian Babies Born With Congenital MicrocephalyThe recent increase in babies born with brain and eye malformations in Brazil is associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in utero. ZIKV alters host DNA methylation in vitro. Using genome-wide DNA methylation profiling we compared 18 babies born with congenital ZIKV microcephaly with 20 controls. We found ZIKV-associated alteration of host methylation patterns, notably at RABGAP1L which is important in brain development, at viral host immunity genes MX1 and ISG15, and in an epigenetic module containing the causal microcephaly gene MCPH1. Our data support the hypothesis that clinical signs of congenital ZIKV are associated with changes in DNA methylation.
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Increasing vaccine acceptance using evidence-based approaches and policies: Insights from research on behavioural and social determinants presented at the 7th Annual Vaccine Acceptance MeetingIn 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) flagged vaccine hesitancy as one of the top 10 threats to global health. The drivers of and barriers to under-vaccination include logistics (access to and awareness of affordable vaccines), as well as a complex mix of psychological, social, political, and cultural factors.
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Complicated skin and soft tissue infections in remote indigenous communitiesThe burden and consequences of skin infections for remote living indigenous people are high