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Body Mass Index Trajectories Among Patients with Drug-Susceptible and Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Northwest Ethiopia

A retrospective cohort study was conducted using clinical data from patients attending TB clinics at four public hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia. We modelled BMI trajectories after TB treatment initiation using linear mixed models, with adjustments for potential confounders.

Stochastic models indicate rapid smallpox spread and mass mortality of Indigenous Australians after colonial exposure

The impact of smallpox (variola) on Aboriginal communities in Australia beginning in 1789 was catastrophic and continues to cause intergenerational trauma. Historically biased perspectives and contemporary misinformation of the disease's introduction and spread impede modern-day truth-telling and efforts towards reconciliation and national healing.

Tourette Syndrome

Occurring in 1% of school-aged children, Tourette syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by uncontrollable movements and vocalisations known as tics.

Meningitis

Meningitis is when the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord (meninges) become infected by the bacteria Neisseria meningitidis.

Pertussis

Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory disease.

Exercise enjoyment and depressive symptoms for university students in a mental health service: An intensive repeated measures study

We explored how university students’ mental and physical health changed during a 12-week on-campus exercise program. When students enjoyed exercise more than usual or more than others, they reported better mental and physical health. These findings highlight the importance of prioritising enjoyment of exercise when designing exercise programs for student wellbeing. 

Assessing the feasibility of delivering safeTALK to young people experiencing homelessness

Young Australians experiencing homelessness are at elevated risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. LivingWorks’ safeTALK training teaches people the necessary skills for responding to someone thinking of suicide, including how to connect them with further support.

Early rheumatic heart disease is a recognized intermediate on the pathway to advanced rheumatic heart disease

Rheumatic heart disease is a major cause of premature cardiovascular morbidity and mortality globally. Over the past decade, echocardiographic screening has changed our understanding of the natural history of RHD, revealing a high burden of clinically silent, mild RHD among people who cannot recall a history of preceding acute rheumatic fever. This viewpoint outlines the evidence that this earliest form of rheumatic heart disease, only detectable through echocardiographic screening, is an intermediate stage that many, but not all, individuals may pass through on the pathway to advanced rheumatic heart disease.

Regulating the Irregular: Phage Therapy and the Case for a Regulatory Sandbox Approach in Australia

Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that selectively kill bacteria and offer a promising option to address the growing global pandemic of antimicrobial-resistant infections. However, phage therapy does not easily align with traditional regulatory pathways designed for fixed-composition chemical drugs or biologics with fixed non-evolving compositions.

"The absolute dearth of resources": Challenges and unmet support needs for emerging adult siblings of individuals with neurodevelopmental conditions in regional and remote Australia

Siblings of individuals with neurodevelopmental conditions have unique experiences and sometimes additional challenges, especially in rural areas where there may be limited access to sibling-specific support services.